PKUWWT

用wget下载C++的手册

在Linux下,一般的软件的文档都是比较全的,但是C++的文档却没有,虽然存在libstdc++-docs这个包,但里面只不过是由源码生成的类库文档,对于普通用户来说并没有太多用处。

因此,常常只能到www.cplusplus.com/reference网站上查看文档和用法。

如果能够将此网站上的文档下载下来,放在本地使用,就可以省却连网的麻烦。这点对于不能连网的用户是很有用的。

我们自然会想到使用wget来”扒”网页。

wget -r -l 5 -np -k www.cplusplus.com/reference/

这里的-r表示递归,-l表示递归下载的层次,这里是5层,-np表示不下载上层的文件,以免将整个网站都荡下来, -k则表示在下载完之后修改网页中的链接,以供本地使用。最后,不要忘了网址最后的斜划线。

结果会得到一个目录www.cplusplus.com , 用浏览器访问即可。

firefox ./www.cplusplus.com/reference/index.html

但是有一个问题,如果你没有联网,则网页的整洁的页面就变乱了。这是因为每个网页中都用到了www.cplusplus.com/v320/main.jswww.cplusplus.com/v320/main.css这两个文件,用来生成网页的布局。

现在,我们单独将这两个文件下载下来,放在目录www.cplusplus.com/reference/v320/中。剩下的问题就是如何将所有的html文件中的main.js和main.css的指向外网的绝对路径改成本地的相对路径。

我的脚本是www.cplusplus.com/reference/script.sh

#!/bin/bash

handle() {
	dir=`dirname "$@"`
	dir=${dir##./}
	exp=`echo "$dir"| sed 's/[^/]\+/../g'`
	if [[ $dir == "." ]] then exp="." fi
	sed -i "s,http://www.cplusplus.com/v320,$exp/v320,g" "$@" 
	sed -i "s,show_ad,show_ad_,g" "$@" 
	sed -i "s,DonateBox,DonateBox_,g" "$@" 
}
export -f handle

find . -name '*.html' -exec bash -c 'handle "$0"' {} \;

执行脚本即可处理所有html文件

cd www.cplusplus.com/reference
bash ./script.sh

此脚本并不是很复杂,功能是将网址http://www.cplusplus.com/v320换成类似于../../v320之类的相对路径,并去掉广告。脚本里面有两个好用的功能需要备忘一下:

  • sed命令中的分隔符不一定是/,你可以用任何分隔符,比如本例中用的是,
  • export -f可以将函数定义传递到子shell中,从而可以在find中调用此函数。当然先获得所有文件名,再处理也是可以的,但在find中逐个文件处理可以处理文件名中包含空格的情况。

最后,我把我整理的文档贡献出来。


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