PKUWWT

git使用笔记

帮助系统

git --help
man git
man git add
git help add

创建仓库

创建git本地仓库

mkdir myrepo
cd myrepo
git init

如果只想创建bare仓库,则使用--bare参数。bare仓库中存的是原仓库的.git目录中的内容,即逻辑上原仓库存了两份内容,而bare仓库只存了一份。

git init --bare

将本地仓库拷贝到另一本地仓库

git clone file:////home/username/myrepo another-dir

这样,你的another-dir中就有一个拷贝了,注意,这里的another-dir/.git/config中有了[remote "origin"]项,它的值就是file:////home/username/myrepo

将仓库变成bare仓库,使用git clone --bare即可。

参数设置

git config --get user.name
git config --get user.email
git config --global user.name "yourname"
git config --local user.name "yourname"

全局参数一般存于~/.gitconfig中,仓库myrepo的局部参数存于myrepo/.git/config中。

上传下载

常用的一条上传到其它仓库的命令是

git push origin master

它的含义可以看.git/config文件,它里面有[remote "origin"][branch "master"]两项才能进行这个操作。origin的值为另一个仓库的地址,而master表示当前仓库的主分支。

git push相对的一条操作是git pull,你也可以显式地指定git pull origin。即从origin抓取内容过来。

使用U盘作为bare仓库

如果需要经常在两条电脑之间进行代码拷贝,而又没有网络条件,则只好考虑使用U盘作为一个中转站或服务器。

假设,机器A上已经有一个本地仓库repoA了,那么,我们需要有用它来在U盘上生成一个bare仓库bareRepo

git clone --bare file:////path/to/repoA /usb/path/to/bareRepo

然后,在机器B上可以与U盘上的bare仓库进行交互了,可以用bareRepo生成一个本地repoB

git clone file:////usb/path/to/bareRepo /path/to/repoB

kdiff3工具,你会发现repoArepoB之间除了.git目录之外,其它的内容都是完全一样的,即使是.git目录,也只是个别文件不同,你试一下git log命令,发现三个仓库结果都是一样的。

现在,在repoA中进行修改,然后上传至bareRepo中。且慢,我们从repoA得到bareRepo,再从bareRepo得到repoBrepoA本身可不知道bareRepo的存在性,也就是说repoA中的origin并不是bareRepo的地址。那么有两个选择,要么删除repoA,再从bareRepo生成一个repoA,要么修改其origin。方法是

cd /path/to/repoA
git config --local remote.origin.url "file:////usb/path/to/bareRepo"

上面命令的意义,参看.git/config内容便知。

修改repoA,然后上传。

cd /path/to/repoA
echo "hello" >hello
git add hello
git commit -a
git push origin master

repoB中接收这些修改

cd /path/to/repoB
git pull origin

当然,如果repoArepoB同步修改,上传之前,先git pull一下,在本地解决冲突之后,再git push。但对于个人来说,这种情况很少出现。

修改

刚提交一个,但消息(日志)是错的,如何修改? 下面的命令会用EDITOR指定的编辑器打开最后一次提交的日志内容。后面还可以加-m选项,即直接指定日志内容,而不进入编辑器。

git commit --amend

其它

git add newfile之后git commit -a之前,撤销add操作

git reset newfile 

撤销git commit -a操作

git revert

修改最近一次提交。

git commit --ammend

如果git commit -agit push之后修改最后这次提交,则会与远程状态不一致,导致再次git push失败。这时应该先git pull一下进行合并,再git push。当然,也可以强行git push -f

修改最近3次的提交信息

git rebase -i HEAD~3

然后弹出一个编辑器,以旧到新的顺序列出了这最近3次的message,一个commit占一行,以pick开头,将pick改成edit表示要修改这次commit。保存后退出,git会告诉你接下来怎么做,即执行

git commit --ammend
git rebase -continue

git rebase -i相当于将git的状态移至了倒数第3次提交之前,然后git commit --ammend只不是正常的修改当前提交,最后,git rebase -continue将状态向后恢复到最新的那次提交。注意,这样操作之后,git push是不行的,因为和远程仓库有冲突。这时需要git pull一下,会新增加一个合并的提交,然后再git push。参考自[[http://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History]]。

下载某一特定分支

git clone -b gitcafe-pages git://gitcafe.com/pkuwwt/d3-tutorial-cn.git

新建分支并切换至此新分支

git checkout -b newBranch

相当于

git branch newBranch
git checkout newBranch

查看当前主分支(branch)

git branch

合并另一分支branchA到当前分支

git merge branchA

从branchA切换到另一个branchB(branchB已经存在)

git checkout branchB

将branchA的一个文件或目录复制到当前branch

git checkout branchA -- path/to/your/file
git checkout branchA -- path/to/your/directory

删除分支时不能删除当前分支。

git branch -d branchToBeDelete

添加多个远程仓库

git remote add newRepoName newRepoMachine:/path/to/repo

这样,push到此仓库可以执行

git push newRepoName master

python programming visualization GPU scholarship algorithm data linux pdf foxit geometry math OpenGL zip D3 java vim makefile C++ gdb >>>> <<<<


pkg
node.js
bundle
Bunlde node.js app to standalone executable with pkg
2020-04-17 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2020-04-17-bundle-node-js-app-to-standalone-executable-with-pkg/

	
	
tighervnc
ubuntu
Install tigervnc on Ubuntu18.04
2020-04-06 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2020-04-06-install-tigervnc-on-ubuntu-18.04/

	
	
go
qt
Usage of Go binding for Qt
2020-04-05 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2020-04-05-usage-of-go-binding-for-qt/

	
	
docker
registry
web-UI
Setup a private docker registry v2 with web-ui
2020-04-04 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2020-04-04-setup-a-private-docker-registry/

	
	
jenkins
flask
continuous integration testing
docker
python
Continuous Integration Testing For Flask with Jenkins
2020-03-16 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2020-03-16-jenkins-continuous-integration-testing-for-flask/

	
	
android
python
functional testing
uiautomator
Python-based ui-automator for Android
2020-03-15 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2020-03-15-android-ui-automator-python/

	
	
sqlite3
linux
How to show Sqlite3 output as Man page table
2020-03-14 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2020-03-14-how-to-show-sqlite3-output-as-man-page-table/

	
	
gis
algorithm
Encoded Polyline Algorithm
2020-03-11 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2020-03-11-encoded-polyline-algorithm/

	
	
你应该了解的所有wget命令
2015-09-26 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2015-09-26-all-the-wget-commands-you-should-know/

	
	
linux
gnome
GNOME 3 Usage
2015-02-17 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2015-02-17-gnome3-usage/

	
	
visualization
CFD
Usage of OpenFoam
2015-02-10 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2015-02-10-openfoam-usage/

	
	
Script of converting tikz script to pdf file
2014-11-19 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-11-19-tikz-to-pdf-script/

	
	
linux
gimp
gimp使用笔记
2014-11-16 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-11-16-gimp-notes/

	
	
visualization
scholarship
draw critical points classification of planar system using tikz
2014-10-31 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-10-31-planar-system-critical-points-with-tikz/

	
	
LaTeX
scholarship
Latex中bibtex的命名
2014-10-29 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-10-29-latex-bibtex-author-name/

	
	
python
PyQt
programming
PyQt4 signal and slot Example
2014-10-19 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-10-19-pyqt4-signal-slot-example/

	
	
programming
C++
Null Ostream Class in C++
2014-10-18 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-10-18-cpp-null-ostream/

	
	
第一个GeoGebra应用
2014-10-09 00:00:00 +0000
/math/2014-10-09-first-geogebra-program/

	
	
linux
shell
shell用法集锦
2014-10-07 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-10-07-bash-notes/

	
	
swim
blog
游泳技术动画
2014-09-30 00:00:00 +0000
/blog/2014-09-30-swimming-animation/

	
	
scholarship
zotero
文献管理工具Zotero
2014-09-27 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-09-27-Literature-Management-Software-Zotero/

	
	
programming
lisp
clojure
第一个clojure程序
2014-09-18 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-09-18-the-first-clojure-program/

	
	
visualization
OpenGL
OpenGL使用技巧
2014-08-27 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-08-27-opengl-utility/

	
	
python
crawler
用python来扒网页
2014-08-23 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-23-web-scrap-with-python/

	
	
programming
Unicode
中文转码工具
2014-08-23 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-23-unicode-conversion/

	
	
vim使用笔记
2014-08-22 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-08-22-vim-notes/

	
	
ImageMagick使用笔记
2014-08-21 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-08-21-ImageMagick-notes/

	
	
programming
C++
C++中打印指针
2014-08-17 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-17-std-ostream-output-pointer-in-cplusplus/

	
	
programming
gdb
gdb笔记
2014-08-16 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-16-gdb-notes/

	
	
programming
bit操作
2014-08-16 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-16-bit-operation/

	
	
programming
C++
C++使用笔记
2014-08-12 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-12-cpp-usage/

	
	
geometry
programming
python
平面三角形求交测试(Planar Triangles Intersection)
2014-08-07 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-07-triangle-intersect/

	
	
vim
makefile
Makefile模板
2014-08-06 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-08-06-makefile-template/

	
	
programming
java
Java Usage
2014-08-03 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-08-03-java-usage/

	
	
wxMaxima连不上maxima
2014-08-01 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-08-01-wxmaxima-not-connected-to-maxima/

	
	
用djvulibre将png图片转化为pdf
2014-07-27 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-07-27-convert-png-images-to-pdf-with-djvulibre/

	
	
用djvulibre来设置djvu文件的索引
2014-07-26 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-07-26-djvulibre-reset-outline/

	
	
python
programming
python的profile工具
2014-07-24 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-07-24-python-profile/

	
	
隐函数定理
2014-07-22 00:00:00 +0000
/math/2014-07-22-Implicit-Function-Theorem/

	
	
google-chrome浏览器的标题栏字体渲染问题
2014-07-17 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-07-17-google-chrome-title-bar-font-rendering/

	
	
linux
备份文件Shell脚本
2014-07-14 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-07-14-linux-backup-shell-script/

	
	
Linux下将多个图像转换为pdf
2014-06-18 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-06-18-convert-multi-images-to-pdf/

	
	
D3
visualization
D3.js入门资料集锦
2014-05-24 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-05-24-d3-js-tutorials/

	
	
linux
zip
python
Linux下zip文件解压乱码问题
2014-05-21 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-05-21-unzip-gbk-zip-file-in-linux/

	
	
关于Linux下有线网卡不能连接的问题
2014-05-14 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-05-14-about-r8169-ethernet-driver/

	
	
Linux下用wvdial为3G上网卡拨号
2014-05-04 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-05-04-3g-connection-with-wvdial/

	
	
algorithm
geometry
两个平面三角形的相交测试
2014-04-29 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-04-29-intersections-between-two-2d-triangles/

	
	
使用另一个版本的glibc
2014-04-25 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-04-25-use-another-glibc-installation/

	
	
LaTeX使用方法集锦
2014-04-19 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-04-19-latex-usage/

	
	
scholarship
资源网站集锦
2014-04-16 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-04-16-good-resource-website/

	
	
python
programming
Python使用问题集锦
2014-04-15 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-04-15-python-usage/

	
	
修复pdf没有嵌入字体的问题
2014-04-07 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-04-07-repair-pdf-font-embedding-problem/

	
	
visualization
用VTK生成非结构化网格上的矢量场
2014-04-03 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-04-03-use-vtk-create-vector-field-on-unstructured-grid/

	
	
algorithm
visualization
geometry
光线-三角形求交测试算法[译]
2014-04-03 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-04-03-ray-triangle-intersection-tests-for-dummies/

	
	
OpenGL
python
programming
Python下写OpenGL代码示例
2014-04-03 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2014-04-03-python-opengl-sample/

	
	
使用tikz绘制函数
2014-03-30 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-03-30-use-tikz-to-plot-function/

	
	
使用maxima求解非线性方程组
2014-03-21 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-03-21-use-maxima-to-solve-non-linear-system/

	
	
linux
在Linux下为笔记本添加两指左右滚动功能
2014-03-11 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-03-11-add-horizontal-two-finger-scroll/

	
	
Linux下常用工具
2014-03-08 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-03-08-usual-life-linux-tools/

	
	
Linux下使用github
2014-03-08 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-03-08-how-to-use-github/

	
	
git使用笔记
2014-03-08 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-03-08-git-usage/

	
	
LaTeX笔记(texlive)
2014-03-06 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-03-06-latex-notes/

	
	
geometry
visualization
几种基本几何预测
2014-03-01 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-03-01-geometric-predicates/

	
	
math
visualization
geometry
单纯复形(Simplicial Complexes)[译]
2014-02-27 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-02-27-simplicial-complexes/

	
	
linux
一个用于寻找文件,并便于打开文件的脚本
2014-02-22 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-02-22-a-script-for-find-and-open-file/

	
	
linux
清理Linux中的不用内存或缓存
2014-02-21 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-02-21-free-linux-memory/

	
	
visualization
geometry
形状指数(shape index)
2014-02-20 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-02-20-shape-index/

	
	
用wget下载C++的手册
2014-02-10 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-02-10-download-cplusplus-reference/

	
	
linux
pdf
foxit
在Linux下使用wine+foxit
2014-02-08 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-02-08-using-foxit-in-linux/

	
	
在Bash的输入循环中使用readline和历史记录
2014-02-06 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-02-06-completion-and-history-in-bash-read-loop/

	
	
visualization
data
可视化数据集
2014-01-07 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2014-01-07-visualization-dataset-collection/

	
	
关于几种窗口系统的透明效果
2014-01-06 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-01-06-transparent-window/

	
	
使用淘宝提供的Ruby源
2014-01-06 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2014-01-06-taobao-gems/

	
	
函数的临界点上的海森(Hessian)矩阵的含义[译]
2013-12-29 00:00:00 +0000
/math/2013-12-29-Meaning-of-the-Hessian-of-a-function-in-a-critical-point/

	
	
algorithm
visualization
层次集方法讲稿[译]
2013-12-25 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2013-12-25-the-level-set-method-lecture-notes/

	
	
visualization
algorithm
层次集方法(Level Set Method) -- 解释[译]
2013-12-24 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2013-12-24-level-set-method-explanation/

	
	
scholarship
微软的学术搜索引擎还是很好用的
2013-12-17 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2013-12-17-academical-search-with-microsoft-search-engine/

	
	
GNU screen 保存会话
2013-12-12 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2013-12-12-gnu-screen-save-session/

	
	
GNU Screen--介绍和初学者指南[译]
2013-12-04 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2013-12-04-gnu-screen-an-introduction-and-beginners-tutorial/

	
	
visualization
GPU
GPU Gems - 第39章 基于纹理的体绘制技术[译]
2013-12-04 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2013-12-04-gpugems-ch39-texture-based-volume-rendering/

	
	
MathJax使用示例
2013-12-03 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2013-12-03-mathjax-example/

	
	
Jekyll中使用MathJax
2013-12-03 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2013-12-03-jekyll-using-mathjax/

	
	
visualization
GPU
GPU Gems - 第17章 环境光遮蔽[译]
2013-12-01 00:00:00 +0000
/scholarship/2013-12-01-gpugems-ch17-ambient-occlusion/

	
	
python
programming
python解释器中的自动补全
2013-11-30 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2013-11-30-python-interpreter-autocomplete/

	
	
Github建站过程
2013-11-29 00:00:00 +0000
/techniques/2013-11-29-build-a-github-website/

	
	
python
programming
最简单的python服务器
2013-11-29 00:00:00 +0000
/programming/2013-11-29-python-simple-server/